{"id":157155,"date":"2023-04-27T22:42:22","date_gmt":"2023-04-27T22:42:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?p=157155"},"modified":"2024-01-22T17:55:28","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T17:55:28","slug":"what-is-additive-manufacturing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/business-innovation\/what-is-additive-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"Additive 3D printing technologies ready to emerge in manufacturing\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Engineering and design students who will head management positions in the future will have an advantage: they will know about the potential and benefits of carrying out additive manufacturing processes, also known as <strong>3D printing environments<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><picture>\r\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/enrique-cuan-1024x580.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\">\r\n                <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/enrique-cuan-1024x580.jpg\" alt=\"Man showing a cube printed with 3D technology \" class=\"wp-image-157159\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/enrique-cuan-1024x580.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/enrique-cuan-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/enrique-cuan-768x435.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/enrique-cuan-1536x870.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/enrique-cuan.jpg 1619w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\r\n            <\/picture><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>In the interview with <strong>TecScience<\/strong>, Professor Cuan explains the fundamentals of 3D printing based on nature. (Photo: Screenshot)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is additive manufacturing?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Additive manufacturing is a technology that uses 3D printing and is applied by many sectors of the industry to produce small parts, such as screws, since it allows reducing the cost of production when metal can be replaced by plastic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/research.tec.mx\/vivo-tec\/display\/PID_121812\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Enrique Cuan Urquizo<\/strong><\/a>, professor at the <a href=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/tag\/school-of-engineering-and-sciences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">School of Engineering and Sciences<\/a> and researcher at the <a href=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/tag\/institute-of-advanced-materials-for-sustainable-manufacturing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing<\/a> of Tec de Monterrey, says that \u2212almost two decades ago\u2212 this technology began to be known as the \u201crapid prototyping\u201d process that allowed a material to be modeled layer by layer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;We didn&#8217;t imagine how it would work,&#8221; he says in an interview with <strong><em>TecScience<\/em><\/strong>. &#8220;Studying the PhD, I met (3D printers) and today I have students who even have their printer at home,&#8221; he adds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This technology began to leave laboratories since 3D printing allows reducing the cost of production when metal can be replaced by plastic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It also allows the production of spare parts, without having an entire production line to manufacture hundreds of parts that may not be used in the market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is no longer a technology accessed by certain experts in a laboratory. It is a technology that you can already buy\u201d, comments Cuan Urquizo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Differences between additive manufacturing and 3D printing<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/openlearning.mit.edu\/news\/ask-mit-professor-what-additive-manufacturing-and-why-it-important\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Science articles from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) <\/a>make a difference between &#8220;additive manufacturing&#8221; and &#8220;3D printing&#8221; which are used interchangeably but note distinctions between the two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Additive manufacturing<\/strong> is the technological ecosystem of building physical parts and products from digital data while <strong>3D printing<\/strong> is the process used to form an object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cuan Urquizo explains that students who take this course benefit from learning additive manufacturing basics and the 3D printing process, but they also discover how they can take advantage of this technology to drive innovative ideas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe generations that now have management positions in the industry are not familiar with (additive manufacturing). As long as the new generations occupy those positions, then companies will begin to trust this technology because young people have already been exposed to 3D technology\u201d, says the Tec professor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Anatomical 3D printing | CIDiTec\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5uyupYr0Lvg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3D printing everywhere<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Potential applications for additive manufacturing include aerospace, defense, and automotive materials. They have an <a href=\"https:\/\/transferencia.tec.mx\/en\/2020\/01\/21\/impresion-de-organos-a-medida\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">important role in the medical sector<\/a> in developing prostheses and even in the bioprinting of organs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/transferencia.tec.mx\/en\/2022\/08\/09\/impresion-3d-de-alimentos-que-es-y-con-que-se-come\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">food industry has also experimented with this technology<\/a> to simplify food delivery logistics, extend shelf life, use new ingredients, and customized diets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the educational science article <a href=\"https:\/\/transferencia.tec.mx\/en\/2019\/06\/04\/impresion-3d-bonita-pero-que-tanto-resiste\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>3D printing: nice, but\u2026 how long does it last?<\/em><\/a>, Cuan Urquizo wrote: \u201cToday almost anything can be printed: airplane parts where you travel on vacation, dental molds to improve your smile, and sweets or chocolates for Valentine\u2019s Day.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The professor is currently involved in hip prostheses research. He is looking for the right material to achieve the right bio-performance of the prosthesis and good mechanical properties \u2212resistance or flexibility\u2212 on the pieces that are printed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;In biomedicine, the shape challenge implies that (the part) is required to be more comfortable or with the performance that is required. This is difficult to achieve with conventional manufacturing,&#8221; he stresses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Design Based on Nature&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>During the Covid-19 pandemic, Professor Cuan bought a microscope with digital projection on his computer so he could see the microscopic composition of everything he found in his garden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cDoing design based on Nature means that nature offers solutions to problems that engineers are facing, such as the optimal use of material\u201d, he comments regarding his hobby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOne of the advantages that additive manufacturing has is adding the material where you need it. Just as it happens in nature. If you see an wood organic design or look inside a bone, you see porosity combined with matter. Nature does not make mistakes. That amount of material used meets its objective\u201d, he adds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><picture>\r\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/wood-inside-1024x506.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\">\r\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"506\" src=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/wood-inside-1024x506.jpg\" alt=\"microscopic wood view\" class=\"wp-image-157168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/wood-inside-1024x506.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/wood-inside-300x148.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/wood-inside-768x380.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/wood-inside-1536x760.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/wood-inside.jpg 1919w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\r\n            <\/picture><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A microscopic wood view allows us to think about new 3D printing designs. (Photo: Courtesy Enrique Cuan) <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In the educational article <a href=\"https:\/\/transferencia.tec.mx\/en\/2020\/05\/06\/diseno-de-materiales-reticulados-ciencia-inspirada-en-la-naturaleza\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Reticulated Materials Design: Science Inspired by Nature<\/em> <\/a> \u2212co-authored with <a href=\"https:\/\/research.tec.mx\/vivo-tec\/display\/PID_78187\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Armando Rom\u00e1n Flores<\/a>, director of the Mechatronics and Electrical Department of the School of Engineering and Sciences\u2212, Cuan Urquizo offers a pleasant explanation about the \u201ccustomized reticulated structures\u201d with examples taken from nature like the wings of a fly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He writes that during its flight, a fly can be exposed to strong mechanical loads, such as wind vibrations, and its wings will not bend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><picture>\r\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/dragonfly-wing-1024x510.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\">\r\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/dragonfly-wing-1024x510.jpg\" alt=\"microscopic view of a dragonfly wing\" class=\"wp-image-157170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/dragonfly-wing-1024x510.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/dragonfly-wing-300x149.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/dragonfly-wing-768x382.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/dragonfly-wing-1536x764.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2023\/04\/dragonfly-wing.jpg 1899w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\r\n            <\/picture><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>The microscopic view of a dragonfly&#8217;s wing motivates us to think about the mechanical properties of the parts of an insect (Photo: Courtesy Enrique Cuan) <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Metal 3D printing<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tec de Monterrey is one of the educational institutions that has a 3D printing laboratory for metals. It is a printer capable of manufacturing components with stainless steel and titanium alloys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cuan Urquizo warns that there are different industries demanding metal manufacture to generate complex geometries. However, the most studied metal 3D printing uses metal powder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFrom the start, it is more dangerous because inhaling the dust is dangerous to health,\u201d he highlights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Printers that use polymers or plastics melt the material and add it in layers. On the other hand, the metal printing process involves solidifying the powder or sticking its particles with a laser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Standards are needed to adopt 3D tech&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe are at a time when the industry must trust (additive) technology,\u201d says Cuan Urquizo, who believes that Mexico pares other countries at the research level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhat happens in other countries is that (industrial) developments go hand in hand with academic research. The industry is involved in these developments. In Mexico, they go separately. That creates mistrust that comes from misinformation,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The researcher warns that there are outreach efforts so that the industry begins to learn about the potential of additive technology since only companies that have contact with foreign countries are familiar with these developments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMany things need to be standardized. An industry begins to trust a process when it is already standardized\u201d, he says.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The standards the industry needs to adopt this technology with greater confidence still need to be developed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":159105,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[380,110,135],"class_list":["post-157155","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business-innovation","tag-additive-manufacturing","tag-institute-of-advanced-materials-for-sustainable-manufacturing","tag-school-of-engineering-and-sciences"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is additive manufacturing or 3D printing? 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