{"id":161135,"date":"2024-03-26T12:59:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-26T12:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?p=161135"},"modified":"2024-12-10T17:17:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-10T23:17:23","slug":"obesity-and-aging","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/health\/obesity-and-aging\/","title":{"rendered":"How Does Obesity Accelerate Aging?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Aging <\/strong>is usually associated with a state of physical and mental decline that occurs over the years and towards the end of our life. However, every day there is more evidence that suggests conditions such as being overweight and having <strong>obesity<\/strong> can accelerate this natural decay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-022-03032-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">recent study made by a group of researchers from the University of Chile (UChile)<\/a> seeks to understand whether individuals who develop these conditions during childhood or adolescence could experience this deterioration sooner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The idea arose when they found that in the <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12877-022-03032-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Santiago cohort<\/a> \u2013a group of more than 1,000 Chileans who have been <strong>followed and studied since they were born between 1992 and 1996<\/strong>\u2013 there were some young individuals who had markers associated with advanced age.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhen we evaluated them,<strong> at 22 years of age<\/strong>, we noticed that some reported cardiometabolic parameters that reflect damage typical of older people,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/uchile.cl\/portafolio-academico\/portafolio-academico\/academico\/49064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Paulina Correa<\/a>, researcher at the Human Nutrition Unit of UChile and leader of the study, in an interview with <strong><em>TecScience<\/em><\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With this in mind, they studied whether there is a gap between chronological age \u2212the time that has passed since we were born and whenever we celebrate our birthday\u2212 and biological age \u2212the level of deterioration of our cells, tissues and organs\u2212 in them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Rompiendo estereotipos sobre la obesidad\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zxPRtNqYMy8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Subtitles are available in english.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-obesity-and-aging\">Obesity and Aging<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The study divided the cohort into three groups, <strong>according to the moment when obesity and overweight developed<\/strong>: the first one, where individuals got them around two years of age; the second one, with these two factors during adolescence and the third one, the control group, where it never developed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers took weight and blood pressure measurements, as well as blood samples to evaluate their lipid, triglyceride and glucose levels of the participants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To find out their biological age they performed a test known as an <strong>epigenetic clock<\/strong>. This examines the DNA contained in the blood and then, using biochemical procedures and algorithms, finds epigenetic marks with which biological age can be determined.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As we become older, genes that increase the risk of disease are turned on and those that have a protective effect are turned off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-results\">The Results<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What they found out was that the group with overweight and obesity in their childhood had a <strong>biological age that was 17% above their chronological ag<\/strong>e; the second group (who developed them during adolescence) was 14% higher; <strong>while in the slim group, there was no such gap<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere were some extreme cases in which individuals <strong>with 28 or 29 years of chronological age were 43 or 44 in terms of biological age,<\/strong>\u201d says Correa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, the two groups with an early onset of overweight and obesity showed high triglyceride levels, insulin resistance, decreased HDL (known as good cholesterol), fatty liver disease (in two out of three individuals) and a shortening of their telomeres. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cTelomeres are these little legs that are on the ends of our chromosomes, when we age, they decrease in size,\u201d explains the researcher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With this evidence, the group of scientists were able to confirm that the early appearance of overweight and obesity can accelerate aging at the cellular and molecular level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-understanding-obesity-without-stigmatizing-it\">Understanding Obesity, Without Stigmatizing It<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The acceleration of aging <strong>increases the risk of diseases <\/strong>such as hypertension, diabetes or <a href=\"\/en\/biotechnology\/a-new-opportunity-for-alzheimers-detection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alzheimer&#8217;s<\/a> and, in women, menopause may appear earlier. Given this, Paulina Correa emphasizes that the study seeks to better understand the phenomenon, not <a href=\"\/en\/health\/an-obese-person-is-not-always-sick\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">to stigmatize or blame<\/a> people who are overweight or obese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn the end, what matters to us is that this accelerated aging does not impact their quality of life,\u201d says Correa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to know what type of obesity each person has developed since there are several, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/research.tec.mx\/vivo-tec\/display\/PID_301025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alexandro Martag\u00f3n<\/a>, research professor at the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/institute-for-obesity-research\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Institute for Obesity Research (IOR)<\/a> and the Metabolic Diseases Research Unit, in an interview with <strong><em>TecScience<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn the case of obesity, there are the <strong>metabolically ill <\/strong>or <strong>metabolically healthy<\/strong> types, the thin metabolically healthy and the thin metabolically ill,\u201d explains Martag\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He adds that accelerated aging could be associated with the<strong> constant state of inflammation<\/strong> that results from the progressive increase in the fatty tissue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe fat that gets accumulated throughout the body secretes hormones -called cytokines- that cause inflammation in multiple organs,\u201d says Martag\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When this imbalance begins, constant inflammation <strong>can lead to insulin resistance, type two diabetes, and reduced life expectancy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-can-the-damage-to-the-aging-rate-be-reversed\">Can the Damage to the Aging Rate be Reversed?  <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fortunately, while the impact of <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32020741\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">obesity and overweight<\/a> on physical deterioration is being investigated, interventions that potentially <strong>reduce the gap between chronological age and biological age <\/strong>have also been studied.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWith changes in lifestyle, biological age can even be lower than chronological age,\u201d says Correa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through animal models and some human studies, it has been found that making adjustments, <strong>such as having a healthy diet, exercising and having regular medical check-ups<\/strong>, can reverse the physical damage caused by being overweight or having obesity \u2212if there is any to begin with\u2212.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEvery time we subject our muscles to exercise, they release proteins that have an anti-inflammatory effect,\u201d says the expert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to that, some substances, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00018-014-1677-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rapmycin<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0168822719317930?casa_token=Odtvg5DnbNMAAAAA:Os4wrHc67uCcNpfDxKRjrQOSisjXm55S3k7oKy8cj_ZflC-32ssRp0ZCmwdFOlA7eB2-y5tpoCzx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">metformin<\/a>, have been tested in animal models and some human interventions and have shown to reduce the biological age of individuals treated with them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study by the Chilean researchers is the first cohort analysis in Latin America that seeks to investigate the relationship between being overweight or having obesity and accelerated aging.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is important that researchers from across the Latin American landscape continue to delve deeper into these research questions, so we can aim for a <strong>culture of prevention<\/strong>,\u201d Correa concludes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A study from the University of Chile investigates the link between being overweight and how this influences  our biological clock.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":161144,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[224,166],"class_list":["post-161135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","tag-health","tag-institute-for-obesity-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Can obesity and overweight accelerate aging? 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Creo que la ciencia, al fomentar el pensamiento cr\u00edtico, puede empoderar a la humanidad y, al ser la base de los avances tecnol\u00f3gicos, puede ayudarla a vivir en las mejores condiciones posibles.","url":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/author\/igutierrez\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/161135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=161135"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/161135\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/161144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=161135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=161135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=161135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}