{"id":163686,"date":"2024-07-12T18:29:33","date_gmt":"2024-07-13T00:29:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?p=163686"},"modified":"2024-12-10T17:06:22","modified_gmt":"2024-12-10T23:06:22","slug":"what-is-menopause","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/health\/what-is-menopause\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Menopause and What Are Its Symptoms?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>You&#8217;ve likely heard about <strong>menopause<\/strong> in family conversations or on social media. But <strong>what exactly is<\/strong> it? Why does it cause <strong>symptoms<\/strong> in 80% of women who reach this stage? And how does it impact their <strong>quality of life<\/strong>? Experts break it down and share <strong>therapies and treatments<\/strong> that might offer viable solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Menopause<\/strong> is the point in a woman&#8217;s life that generally begins after she has gone 12 months without a menstrual period. This occurs because <a href=\"\/en\/health\/womens-sex-hormones\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the ovaries stop producing hormones<\/a>, particularly <strong>estrogens <\/strong>responsible for various bodily functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Typically, menopause occurs naturally between the <strong>ages of 45 and 55<\/strong>, though it <strong>can happen earlier<\/strong> in women who have had surgeries to remove their ovaries or uterus or those who have undergone specific cancer treatments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What Are the Symptoms of Menopause, and Why Do They Occur?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before menopause, there is a transitional stage where the ovaries gradually produce <strong>less estrogen<\/strong>, known as <strong>pre-menopause<\/strong> or <strong>perimenopause<\/strong>. During both this period and the years following <strong>menopause<\/strong>, a wide range of <strong>symptoms<\/strong> can appear, significantly impacting women&#8217;s lives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These <strong>symptoms<\/strong> are due to the <strong>lack of estrogen<\/strong>, a group of <strong>hormones<\/strong> playing a crucial role during the menstrual cycle by stimulating ovulation and preparing the uterus to receive an embryo in case of fertilization. Additionally, estrogens have many other functions related to bone <strong>health<\/strong>, heart and blood vessel function, cognitive functions, as well as skin and hair lubrication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the <strong>decrease or loss of estrogen production<\/strong> during pre and postmenopause &#8220;<strong>affects all body systems<\/strong>,&#8221; explains Dr. <a href=\"https:\/\/research.tec.mx\/vivo-tec\/display\/PID_1418\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Carlos F\u00e9lix Arce<\/a>, a gynecologist specializing in menopause at <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/tecsalud\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TecSalud<\/a>, in an interview with <strong><em>TecScience<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The <strong>most common symptom<\/strong> of menopause is the infamous <strong>hot flashes<\/strong>,&#8221; a sudden sensation of heat that starts in the chest and spreads throughout the body. Approximately <strong>80% of women experience this<\/strong>, along with palpitations and sweating, collectively known as &#8220;vasomotor syndrome.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, Dr. Arce notes that there are many more manifestations caused by <strong>hormone deficiency<\/strong>: &#8220;There are <strong>about 20 symptoms<\/strong>, and many of them are not easily recognized by the affected person.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These include <strong>psychological and psychiatric symptoms<\/strong> such as sadness, depression, anxiety, distress, irritability, easy crying, and panic attacks. Women may also experience<strong> joint pain<\/strong>, arthritis, dry skin and vaginal dryness, lack of energy, loss of sexual desire, involuntary urine leakage, and <strong>cognitive issues<\/strong> related to concentration and memory loss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most <strong>severe symptoms<\/strong>, which can be life-threatening, include <strong>cardiovascular diseases<\/strong> \u2014the leading cause of death among women nationwide\u2014 and <strong>osteoporosis<\/strong>. &#8220;Around <strong>28%<\/strong> of women experience <strong>decreased bone calcium<\/strong>, and <strong>2.8%<\/strong> suffer from severe <strong>osteoporosis<\/strong>,&#8221; the expert notes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite the dangers posed by <a href=\"\/en\/health\/causes-heart-failure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cardiovascular conditions<\/a> and <a href=\"\/es\/divulgacion-ciencia\/la-importancia-clinica-de-los-microarns-en-las-enfermedades-oseas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">osteoporosis<\/a>, Dr. Arce stresses that <strong>hot flashes<\/strong>, as well as <strong>psychological and cognitive symptoms<\/strong>, should not be underestimated: &#8220;Imagine not sleeping for a night due to a hot flash or sweating episode; how would you feel the next day?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All these symptoms can severely impact the <strong>quality of life of women<\/strong>, who, in some cases, as Dr. Arce explains, &#8220;are so affected that they can&#8217;t function normally. They describe themselves as &#8216;dead alive,&#8217; unable to live their lives normally.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What Treatments Can Improve Menopausal Symptoms?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, the most effective <strong>treatment<\/strong> for <strong>menopausal symptoms<\/strong> is <strong>hormone replacement therapy<\/strong> (<strong>HRT<\/strong>), which involves <strong>taking hormones<\/strong>, especially estradiol, a type of estrogen. This therapy is <a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2818206\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">supported by the largest study<\/a> to date, conducted by the <em>Women&#8217;s Health Initiative<\/em> (WHI), which reviewed data from over <strong>160,000 postmenopausal women<\/strong> over several decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2002, a <strong>preliminary analysis<\/strong> of this data suggested that <strong>HRT<\/strong> could increase the risk of breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and pulmonary and cerebral embolism. However, after collecting more data over another 20 years, the same research group realized that their <strong>initial conclusions were biased<\/strong> due to the inclusion of many older women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reanalyzing the records, they concluded that the <strong>benefits of HRT<\/strong> <strong>outweigh the risks<\/strong> for women <strong>under 60<\/strong> without a history of breast cancer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Their <strong>2023 results<\/strong> highlight that <strong>HRT<\/strong> does not increase mortality or cardiovascular disease risk and reduces bone fracture risk by 33% while almost entirely alleviating vasomotor syndrome symptoms. Other studies have found that HRT also relieves anxiety and vaginal dryness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Preventive measures<\/strong> also include lifestyle changes. &#8220;<a href=\"\/en\/health\/consequences-of-smoking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Negative habits like smoking<\/a>, drinking alcohol, and not <a href=\"\/en\/health\/benefits-of-exercise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">exercising<\/a> should be abandoned. It&#8217;s about a comprehensive management of women in this stage,&#8221; Dr. Arce emphasizes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite <strong>HRT<\/strong> potentially being a viable and effective option for many women, there is still a lot of misinformation and lack of knowledge on the subject, both among the general public and medical professionals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Some doctors, upon learning that a patient is on <strong>HRT<\/strong>, advise against it, claiming it&#8217;s too risky. The idea that hormones should not be taken is deeply ingrained,&#8221; says Dr. Arce, who concludes: &#8220;Yes, there is a risk factor, but the vast majority of women do not experience any problems.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the 2023 WHI research, <strong>HRT <\/strong>slightly increases the risk of <a href=\"\/en\/health\/artificial-intelligence-and-breast-cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">breast cancer<\/a>. Among a population of women aged 50 to 59 who take HRT for five years, the increased risk is equivalent to three new cases of breast cancer per thousand women, which is similar to the increased risk of developing this cancer from consuming one to two <strong>alcoholic drinks<\/strong> per day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Are you interested in this story? Would you like to publish it? Contact our content editor for more information: <em><strong><a href=\"mailto:marianaleonm@tec.mx\">marianaleonm@tec.mx<\/a><\/strong><\/em>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>80% of women who go through pre- or post menopause experience symptoms that affect their quality of life.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":163695,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[224,144],"class_list":["post-163686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","tag-health","tag-tecsalud"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is Menopause and What Are Its Symptoms? - TecScience<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/health\/what-is-menopause\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is Menopause and What Are Its Symptoms?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"80% of women who go through pre- or post menopause experience symptoms that affect their quality of life.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/health\/what-is-menopause\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TecScience\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-07-13T00:29:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-12-10T23:06:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/07\/what-is-menopause.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Alejandra Ortiz-Medrano\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Alejandra Ortiz-Medrano\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/health\\\/what-is-menopause\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/health\\\/what-is-menopause\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Alejandra Ortiz-Medrano\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7111735e2141461a14b8e7af3deb7727\"},\"headline\":\"What is Menopause and What Are Its Symptoms?\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-07-13T00:29:33+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-12-10T23:06:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/health\\\/what-is-menopause\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":888,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/health\\\/what-is-menopause\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2024\\\/07\\\/what-is-menopause.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Health\",\"TecSalud\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Health\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/health\\\/what-is-menopause\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/health\\\/what-is-menopause\\\/\",\"name\":\"What is Menopause and What Are Its Symptoms? 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