{"id":163720,"date":"2024-07-16T13:08:55","date_gmt":"2024-07-16T19:08:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?p=163720"},"modified":"2024-12-10T17:05:59","modified_gmt":"2024-12-10T23:05:59","slug":"adhd-in-adults","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/health\/adhd-in-adults\/","title":{"rendered":"The Challenge of Diagnosing ADHD in Adults"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly better understood, which makes treatment possible, allowing those who live with it to lead a fulfilling life. However, l<strong>ate diagnosis in adults <\/strong>continues to be a challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere is a significant percentage of people who have it and reach adulthood without knowing it,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tecsalud.mx\/directorio-medico\/dr-jose-antonio-infante-cantu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jos\u00e9 Antonio Infante<\/a>, neuropediatrician at <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/tecsalud\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">TecSalud&#8217;s<\/a> Zambrano Hellion Hospital, in an interview with <strong><em>TecScience<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Around <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7916320\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">6.8% of <strong>adults <\/strong>worldwide have symptomatic <strong>ADHD<\/strong><\/a>. Still, it is common for it to go undiagnosed because most do not have frequent contact with people who know how to detect it, unlike children who spend time with teachers and pediatricians regularly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In <strong>Latin America,<\/strong> around <a href=\"https:\/\/scielo.isciii.es\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1139-76322019000300004\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">36 million people <\/a><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scielo.isciii.es\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1139-76322019000300004\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have this condition<\/a>, but less than a quarter receive adequate treatment. The same occurs in the\u00a0<strong>United States<\/strong>, where it is estimated that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16585449\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">approximately 8.7 million have<\/a>\u00a0it, but only 20% are<\/span> treated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>consequences <\/strong>of this <strong>lack of diagnosis and treatment<\/strong> are essential because, generally, people with <strong>ADHD<\/strong> have poor time management, as well as a lack of motivation and concentration, which, according to Infante, is related to \u201cchronic depression, work, personal, and even legal problems.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/C5Qo5FhOp16\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\" style=\"background:#FFF;border:0;border-radius:3px;margin: 1px;max-width:540px;min-width:326px;padding:0;width:99.375%;width:-webkit-calc(100% - 2px);width:calc(100% - 2px)\"><div style=\"padding:16px\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/C5Qo5FhOp16\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\"background:#FFFFFF;line-height:0;padding:0 0;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;width:100%\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <div style=\"flex-direction: row;align-items: center\"> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 50%;flex-grow: 0;height: 40px;margin-right: 14px;width: 40px\"><\/div> <div style=\"flex-direction: column;flex-grow: 1;justify-content: center\"> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 4px;flex-grow: 0;height: 14px;margin-bottom: 6px;width: 100px\"><\/div> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 4px;flex-grow: 0;height: 14px;width: 60px\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding: 19% 0\"><\/div> <div style=\"height:50px;margin:0 auto 12px;width:50px\"><\/div><div style=\"padding-top: 8px\"> <div style=\"color:#3897f0;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:550;line-height:18px\">Ver esta publicaci\u00f3n en Instagram<\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0\"><\/div> <div style=\"flex-direction: row;margin-bottom: 14px;align-items: center\"><div> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 50%;height: 12.5px;width: 12.5px\"><\/div> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;height: 12.5px;width: 12.5px;flex-grow: 0;margin-right: 14px;margin-left: 2px\"><\/div> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 50%;height: 12.5px;width: 12.5px\"><\/div><\/div><div style=\"margin-left: 8px\"> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 50%;flex-grow: 0;height: 20px;width: 20px\"><\/div> <div style=\"width: 0;height: 0;border-top: 2px solid transparent;border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4;border-bottom: 2px solid transparent\"><\/div><\/div><div style=\"margin-left: auto\"> <div style=\"width: 0px;border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4;border-right: 8px solid transparent\"><\/div> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;flex-grow: 0;height: 12px;width: 16px\"><\/div> <div style=\"width: 0;height: 0;border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4;border-left: 8px solid transparent\"><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div style=\"flex-direction: column;flex-grow: 1;justify-content: center;margin-bottom: 24px\"> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 4px;flex-grow: 0;height: 14px;margin-bottom: 6px;width: 224px\"><\/div> <div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4;border-radius: 4px;flex-grow: 0;height: 14px;width: 144px\"><\/div><\/div><\/a><p style=\"color:#c9c8cd;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:17px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:8px;overflow:hidden;padding:8px 0 7px;text-align:center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/C5Qo5FhOp16\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\"color:#c9c8cd;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:17px;text-decoration:none\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Una publicaci\u00f3n compartida por TecScience (@tecscienceweb)<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/blockquote> \n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are the Symptoms of AHDH in Adults?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\"><strong>ADHD<\/strong>\u00a0is a neurodevelopmental disorder that results in difficulty paying attention, being hyperactive, or having impulsive behaviors: \u201cimpulsivity is an important fac<\/span>tor that is almost never mentioned,\u201d explains the expert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are <strong>three main types<\/strong> of ADHD: predominantly <strong>inattentive<\/strong>, predominantly <strong>hyperactive and impulsive<\/strong>, and <strong>combined<\/strong>. The latter is the most common; in all cases, there are patients with mild, moderate, and severe symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The causes are still unclear, but it is known that there is a genetic factor, as well as issues in development or the environment, that lead to problems in neurotransmitter deregulation or lack of connectivity in some regions of the brain, such as the <strong>prefrontal cortex<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt can be detected as early as three years of age, but <strong>it is chronic<\/strong>, remaining throughout life,\u201d says the neuropediatrician. Fortunately, with proper management, most symptoms can be alleviated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\">Therefore, the\u00a0<strong>ideal<\/strong>\u00a0is\u00a0<strong>early diagnosis<\/strong>\u00a0so experts are also able to detect if\u00a0<strong>ADHD is associated<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>with other conditions\u00a0<\/strong>such as memory, language, or executive function disorders, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, tics, or problems in motor skills.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, <span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\"><strong>three or four<\/strong>\u00a0added situations like these (also called comorbidities)\u00a0<\/span>are combined with the disorder. \u201cAlmost<strong> 30% <\/strong>of people with <strong>ADHD <\/strong>have problems with f<strong>ine motor skills and coordination<\/strong>, such as difficulty tying their shoes or buttoning their clothes,\u201d explains Infante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Adults With Undiagnosed ADHD<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To <strong>diagnose it<\/strong>, <strong>neurologists<\/strong> and <strong>neuropediatricians<\/strong> use standardized questionnaires to determine whether the symptoms are due to <strong>ADHD<\/strong> or other factors, such as mood disorders. There are also other tools to complement it, such as computer programs that measure attention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe all have a lack of attention or hyperactivity sometimes, but if the symptoms continually affect people&#8217;s lives, it may be <strong>ADHD,<\/strong>\u201d says the doctor who specializes in this disorder, epilepsy, and <a href=\"\/en\/health\/autism-in-adult-women-diagnosis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">autism spectrum disorder<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, there is talk that <strong>infants and adolescents<\/strong> are <strong>overdiagnosed<\/strong>, and people who have similar symptoms are incorrectly diagnosed with it. However, the neuropediatrician believes this could be due to consulting with general doctors or ones who specialize in other areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, an <strong>underdiagnosis<\/strong> has been reported in <strong>adults<\/strong> where many do not know they have <strong>ADHD<\/strong> but have complications in their daily life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>People who suffer from it usually experience restlessness, disorganization, lack of motivation, forgetfulness, difficulty managing time, changing emotions, and indecision. Impulsivity has also been associated with a greater likelihood of <strong>substance abuse<\/strong> or <strong>criminal activity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3016316\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A study<\/a> conducted in Norrt\u00e4lje prison, near Stockholm, Sweden, found that 40% of its prisoners had <strong>ADHD<\/strong>. Another one found that compared to the general population -which shows a prevalence of around 7%- <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25066071\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">there is a prevalence of 26% in prison populations<\/a> of the condition, which represents an incidence that is five times higher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The consequence of having untreated impulsivity is obvious here,\u201d says Infante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although having <strong>ADHD<\/strong> does not mean that people with this condition will get into trouble with the law, it can make it more difficult for them to <strong>control their impulses and emotions<\/strong>, manage their behavior, or understand the rules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This can lead them to give in to impulsive thoughts more easily, leading them to drunk driving, get into fights, or break into strangers&#8217; houses, for example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Early Diagnosis and Treatments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For these reasons, it is extremely important to emphasize <strong>early diagnosis<\/strong> and <strong>comprehensive treatment<\/strong>, according to Infante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is very common that when we are explaining the manifestations of <strong>ADHD<\/strong> to the<strong> parents<\/strong> of a child, one or both begin to stir in their seat, and it turns out that they also suffer from it,\u201d recalls the expert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\">For him, it is crucial to remember that the disorder has a\u00a0<strong>genetic factor<\/strong>\u00a0and that many times it is the parents who inherited it from their children, but due to the lack of information that existed in past decades, they did not know how to detect it in time.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\"><strong>Treatment<\/strong>\u00a0varies depending on the severity of the case and the associated conditions, but it usually includes cognitive-behavioral therapy, medications, speech therapy,<\/span> or occupational therapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c<strong>ADHD<\/strong> is a real disorder that lasts a lifetime; a multidisciplinary management is possible,\u201d says Infante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Were you interested in this story? Do you want to publish it? Contact our content editor to learn more <a href=\"mailto:marianaleonm@tec.mx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">marianaleonm@tec.mx<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An early diagnosis of ADHD can help people living with the disorder.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":163721,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[224,144],"class_list":["post-163720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","tag-health","tag-tecsalud"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>ADHD in Adults: The challenge of late diagnosis | TecScience<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ADHD 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