{"id":165105,"date":"2024-09-26T15:55:52","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T21:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?p=165105"},"modified":"2024-10-03T12:38:52","modified_gmt":"2024-10-03T18:38:52","slug":"how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/human-social\/how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor\/","title":{"rendered":"Mexico Needs More Stem Cell Donors and You can Become One"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>One of the purest forms of altruism is donating organs, cells, or tissues to those who need them to survive. <strong>Mexico is one of the countries with the most cases of acute infant leukemia<\/strong>,\u00a0and although its treatment varies, in many cases, it will require a\u00a0stem cell transplant and someone willing to donate it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Worldwide, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scielo.org.mx\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462012000300002#:~:text=Las%20leucemias%20agudas%20constituyen%20las%20neoplasias%20m%C3%A1s%20frecuentes%20en%20la%20edad%20pedi%C3%A1trica.&amp;text=A%20escala%20mundial%2C%20su%20incidencia,mill%C3%B3n%20de%20habitantes%20al%20a%C3%B1o.&amp;text=Sin%20embargo%2C%20en%20M%C3%A9xico%2C%20la,mill%C3%B3n%20de%20habitantes%20al%20a%C3%B1o.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">it is estimated<\/a> that there are 20 to 35 new cases of this disease per million inhabitants every year, while in the Mexican population, it rises to 49.5 per million.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In Mexico, the survival rate of children with acute leukemia is between 56 and 60%<\/strong>, while in countries with advanced economies, such as the United States, it is almost <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/types\/leukemia\/hp\/child-all-treatment-pdq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">98%<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis is due, in part, <strong>to a lack of stem cell donors<\/strong>,\u201d says <a href=\"https:\/\/tec.mx\/en\/our-faculty\/emcs\/alejandro-madrigal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alejandro Madrigal<\/a>, distinguished professor at the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/school-of-medicine-and-health-sciences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">School of Medicine and Health Sciences<\/a> (EMCS) and a new member of the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/faculty-of-excellence\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Faculty of Excellence<\/a> at Tec de Monterrey, in an interview with <strong><em>TecScience<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><picture>\r\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/09\/madrigal.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\">\r\n                <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/09\/madrigal.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-165107\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/09\/madrigal.jpg 750w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/09\/madrigal-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/>\r\n            <\/picture><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alejandro Madrigal is an expert in cell treatments against leukemia and other types of cancer. (Photo: Alejandro Salazar \/ TecScience)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Leukemia is a cancer of the blood-forming tissues that mainly affects white blood cells, which are part of our immune system, causing their overproduction and malfunction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For this reason, the disease is generally treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy to destroy the cancer cells. \u201cIn the process, we eliminate the tumor cells, but <strong>we also affect all the patient&#8217;s blood cells<\/strong>,\u201d says Madrigal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doctors perform transplants of blood-forming stem cells to replace the lost blood cells\u2014white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These transplants do not attack cancer directly but rather allow the body to recover the ability to produce new blood cells, which can help patients recover.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How to Register to be a Donor<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\">The first step is to obtain a\u00a0<strong>compatible donor <\/strong>to achieve a st<\/span>em cell transplant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\">\u201cCurrently, we have different sources of these cells: a related donor (such as a father or sibling), an unrelated donor, or the patient&#8217;s umbilical cord,&#8221; explains Madrigal, an\u00a0<a href=\"\/en\/health\/jose-alejandro-madrigal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">expert in cell therapy<\/a>\u00a0and this type of transplan<\/span>t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Until recently, the donation was limited to fathers, mothers, or identical twins who had high genetic compatibility with the patient, but thanks to new procedures that are performed after the transplant to eliminate those cellular components that could lead to rejection, now, those who donate can be brothers, cousins \u200b\u200b, and even strangers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Mexico, <span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\">you can register with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fundacioncompartevida.org.mx\/dona-medula\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Donormo<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bethematch.org.mx\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Be The Match <\/a>to become stem cell donors<\/span>. <strong>These organizations send a kit with a swab for us to scrape or mouth and then send it back. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With this, our DNA is extracted from the sample and than analyzed to find he area that is crucial for the donation and then it is registered in a database. \u201cIt&#8217;s like a bar code that gets stored,\u201d Madrigal says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, when the need for a donor arises, doctors and health professionals can look for one that is compatible with the patient&#8217;s DNA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt&#8217;s like having a directory, searching through adressess and finding a donor who could be in Brazil, China or England.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&#8220;It&#8217;s Really Easy to Save a Life&#8221;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When the time comes to donate, the procedure to extract stem cells will depend on different factors,<strong> but it will generally not require a risky surgery.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, <strong>the most common way to obtain them is something very similar to donating blood<\/strong> where a catheter is inserted into a vein in the arm. Then the blood is passed through a machine that separates the stem cells from the rest of the blood cell, collecting them in a bag to later introduce them into the patient in the same way. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn other cases, we extract them from the bone marrow of the pelvic bones with a syringe, while the donor is under anesthesia, but this technique is less and less used nowadays,&#8221; Madrigal explains. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In these and other donation options, the side effects are generally not severe and can be managed with over-the-counter painkillers or simple rest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere is a lack of knowledge and information that causes people not to want to donate, but \u2212in reality\u2212 it is very simple to do so, <strong>it is really easy to save a life<\/strong>,\u201d says the expert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mexico is Lacking a Donation Culture<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, in Mexico, the donation culture is scarce, whether it is cells, tissues or organs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFrom my experience, this has to do with a lot of myths that exist around donation,\u201d says <strong>F\u00e1tima Espinoza<\/strong>, a psychologist in the bone marrow transplant area of \u200b\u200bthe <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pediatria.gob.mx\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">National Institute of Pediatrics<\/a>, in an interview with <strong><em>TecScience.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to her, some of these myths are that donation will create <strong>serious side effects<\/strong> and that <strong>the life of the donor will no longer be the same<\/strong>. But, in reality, there are generally no long-term side effects from donating stem cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere are also factors associated with religion where it is believed that one has to be complete in order to enter heaven,\u201d says Espinoza. Fortunately, there are congregations of various religious beliefs that support donation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are even people who think that by donating they will also transmit their experiences, memories and ideas, but there is no scientific evidence of this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, campaigns that inform citizens are needed to help reduce these myths and increase the number of people willing to donate, emphasizing that <strong>donors are cared for and looked after<\/strong> as much as those who receive the transplant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cLet us not be afraid of donation, it really makes a difference in the lives of people with a terrible disease,\u201d invites Espinoza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Madrigal, this is especially important, since global organ donor banks are generally obtained from Caucasian populations.<strong> \u201cThere are few donors that are compatible with Hispanic populations, like ours.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Being a donor could mean the survival of a child that has already gone through leukemia. \u201cIt will give you the opportunity to save a life by simply spending two or three hours in a procedure that does not hurt,\u201d urges Madrigal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Were you interested in this story? Do you want to publish it? Contact our content editor to learn more <a href=\"mailto:marianaleonm@tec.mx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">marianaleonm@tec.mx<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the country, the survival rate for children with acute leukemia is 60%, while in countries like the United States it is almost 98%.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":165111,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-165105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-human-social"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to be a stem cell donor for children with leukemia | TecScience<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A stem cell transplant could increase the chances of survival for children with leukemia, but Mexico lacks donors.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/human-social\/how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mexico Needs More Stem Cell Donors and You can Become One\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A stem cell transplant could increase the chances of survival for children with leukemia, but Mexico lacks donors.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/human-social\/how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TecScience\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-26T21:55:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-03T18:38:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/09\/stem-cells.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"In\u00e9s Guti\u00e9rrez Jaber\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"In\u00e9s Guti\u00e9rrez Jaber\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/human-social\\\/how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/human-social\\\/how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"In\u00e9s Guti\u00e9rrez Jaber\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/72a3b50d0dbd7d1124452069e14a2db9\"},\"headline\":\"Mexico Needs More Stem Cell Donors and You can Become One\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-26T21:55:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-03T18:38:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/human-social\\\/how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1034,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/human-social\\\/how-to-be-a-stem-cell-donor\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/stem-cells.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Human &amp; 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