{"id":170419,"date":"2025-07-01T14:01:36","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T20:01:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?p=170419"},"modified":"2025-09-25T14:24:44","modified_gmt":"2025-09-25T20:24:44","slug":"resilience-against-food-insecurity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/education-and-humanism\/resilience-against-food-insecurity\/","title":{"rendered":"Indigenous Language Loss Means Food Insecurity: A Case from Amealco in Mexico"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Distrust was the first reaction from community leaders in Amealco, Quer\u00e9taro, when a group of students from Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey approached them with a research proposal. Past experiences with scientists who extracted knowledge from their people and land, <strong>without giving anything in return<\/strong>, set the tone for their first encounter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Students from the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/school-of-social-sciences-and-government\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">School of Social Sciences and Government <\/a>Valentina Muhlia, Nadia Alexandra, Ilyan Valdivia, and Sergio Alejandro were selected to carry out a study for the <strong>Reach Alliance<\/strong>, a consortium of ten universities from different countries that supports research projects aimed at driving real impact in hard-to-reach communities, whether due to geography or social conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/reachalliance.org\/profile\/abril-campos-rivera-paola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Paola Abril Campos Rivera<\/a>, professor and researcher at the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/school-of-engineering-and-sciences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">School of Government and Public Transformation<\/a> at Tec, served as one of the mentors thanks to her expertise in public policy implementation aimed at improving global health. She suggested focusing on Amealco, Quer\u00e9taro, for a <a href=\"https:\/\/reachalliance.org\/case-study\/food-insecurity-in-amealco-queretaro-implications-for-a-highly-indigenous-communitys-health-nutrition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">project<\/a> on food insecurity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then Ilyan dived into data from Mexico\u2019s National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), and found that <strong>44.8% of Amealco\u2019s population was experiencing <a href=\"\/en\/human-social\/food-security-and-nutrition-project\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">food insecurity<\/a><\/strong>\u2014the highest rate in the state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He also found that Amealco is home to the <strong>second-largest concentration of Indigenous people in Quer\u00e9taro<\/strong>, most of them from the H\u00f1\u00e4\u00f1ho nation, commonly known as Otom\u00ed. In fact, 59.57% of all H\u00f1\u00e4\u00f1ho speakers in the state live in this municipality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"\u00bfC\u00f3mo combatir la inseguridad alimentaria con la ciencia y la tecnolog\u00eda?\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cPsRazsd29M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Captions are available in English.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co-Authorship as an Answer to Extractive Science<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For Valentina, Nadia, Ilyan, and Sergio, the data from Amealco reflected a broader reality shared by many Indigenous communities across Mexico. But statistics alone were not enough to explain the reasons why <strong>Indigenous people are disproportionately affected by limited access to nutritious food.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thanks to a connection made by Nicole Hern\u00e1ndez Puente, a professor at the Autonomous University of Quer\u00e9taro, with Abril Campos, the four students were able to present their proposal to the Organizing Committee of Amealco\u2019s Corn Fair or <em>La Feria del Ma\u00edz<\/em> in Spanish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They arrived at the meeting with a set of commitments to reassure the community leaders that they weren\u2019t there to <strong>conduct extractive research<\/strong>, a possibility that worried them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This way of doing <a href=\"https:\/\/epress.lib.uts.edu.au\/journals\/index.php\/ijcre\/article\/view\/9326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">research<\/a> is characterized by its reduction of marginalized communities\u2019 knowledge and experiences to raw data, which is used by academics to write studies. Later on, these papers are published in inaccessible, paywalled journals, often in English, cutting the communities themselves out of any benefit from the knowledge that was created from their own experiences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond committing to return to Amealco with the results of their study, the students asked what the community wanted and needed from the project. \u201cIt was during that dialogue\u2014where they were advocating for their community\u2019s integrity, that the idea of co-authorship came up. We moved from simply saying \u2018we\u2019ll acknowledge them or give thanks\u2019 to \u2018this is also their research\u2019\u201d, explained Ilyan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cultural Identity Loss Tied to Food Insecurity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>With that foundation, they came up with a research question: Why are people in Amealco suffering food insecurity?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What they found was that <strong>food insecurity in Amealco is tightly linked to the loss of cultural identity<\/strong> among Indigenous people. For example, Nadia Alexandra explains: \u201cThere were many recipes that they had lost. Recipes they could no longer make because they were written in H\u00f1\u00e4\u00f1ho. That\u2019s how deeply connected they are. When one begins to disappear, the other is affected too.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She adds that this loss of knowledge often happens when <a href=\"\/en\/human-social\/child-poverty-in-mexico-and-latin-america\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">younger generations<\/a> reject their Indigenous identity out of fear of discrimination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sergio Alejandro adds that it\u2019s not just the recipes that are forgotten, but also the ingredients: \u201cAs the language is lost, so is the ability to identify native species. The plant disappears along with the word, both erased by stigma.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abandonment of Mexican Agriculture and One-Size-Fits-All Public Policies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Their study also highlights the abandonment of the milpa, described in the study as a plot of land where many crops are grown at the same time, as another driver of reduced access to nutritious food.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Without the ability to grow their own food, the community becomes increasingly dependent on <a href=\"\/en\/health\/ultra-processed-foods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ultra-processed foods<\/a> from supermarkets and convenience stores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The authors connect the loss of the milpa to State neglect of rural areas, who prioritized urban development in the name of economic growth and promoted mestizaje, where indigenous people are pressured to leave their agrarian communities and assimilate into Spanish-speaking urban life. All in pursuit of the promise of progress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1997, the federal government launched a social program called Progresa, which offered cash assistance to families in exchange for school attendance. The goal was to lift young people out of extreme poverty. Over time, Progresa became Oportunidades, then Prospera, and lasted until 2018. But according to the authors of the study, <strong>this policy unintentionally contributed to emptying the country from its work force.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Amealco, the researchers described another failed example of public assistance, that illustrates the disconnection between authorities and the needs of the community: a school nutrition <strong>program that provided soy-based foods for the schools of the municipality<\/strong>. But the students refused to eat the meals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Valentina Muhlia explains that \u201cFrom a scientific standpoint, soy is excellent for public policy, it\u2019s rich in protein, nutritious, affordable, and easy to transport. But all of that fails if you ignore what people themselves consider nutritious.\u201d Their study found that for the community,<strong> food is nutritious when its origin is known.<\/strong> This made soy unappetizing, despite its practical benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>La Feria del Ma\u00edz<\/em>: A Space for Sharing Knowledge, Language, and Food<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cases like this led the team to <strong>recommend culturally adapted public policies<\/strong>, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach for each region of the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They also suggest building on activities that communities are already doing to strengthen local food production. For instance, every year Amealco hosts the Feria del Ma\u00edz, where cultural activities include seed exchanges, shared meals, and screenings of <strong>documentaries in both H\u00f1\u00e4\u00f1ho and Spanish.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other recommendations from the researchers include developing strategies to mitigate the pressures of the global climate crisis and embracing new models of development not based on urbanization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After publishing their study, Valentina, Nadia, Ilyan, and Sergio returned to Amealco to present their findings during the Feria del Ma\u00edz. They also plan to deliver a cookbook to help preserve the traditions of the H\u00f1\u00e4\u00f1ho nation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong><em>Did you find this story interesting? Would you like to publish it? Contact our content editor to learn more at\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:marianaleonm@tec.mx\">marianaleonm@tec.mx<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An ethical research project among residents of this municipality analyzes the roots of food insecurity, and whether it&#8217;s a reflection of other communities across Mexico.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":170420,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[558],"tags":[372],"class_list":["post-170419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education-and-humanism","tag-school-of-social-sciences-and-government"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The 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