{"id":173116,"date":"2026-04-21T16:02:47","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T22:02:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?p=173116"},"modified":"2026-05-07T13:05:23","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T19:05:23","slug":"index-cities-heat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/cities-and-prosperous-communities\/index-cities-heat\/","title":{"rendered":"Extreme Heat Doesn&#8217;t Impact Every City Equally. This Index Shows Where it is Most Dangerous"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>With <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/climate-change\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">climate change<\/a>, the intensity and frequency of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/climate-change-heat-and-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">heat<\/a> waves have increased globally, but their impacts are greater in certain areas. In a recent study, a multidisciplinary and international team of researchers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2212095525004328#tf0020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">developed an index that identifies the most vulnerable regions<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Developed from open data, the <em>Global Urban Heat Vulnerability Index<\/em> (GUHVI) not only identifies where it is hotter, but also where that heat poses the greatest danger to the population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike many other indexes, this one allows for comparison of results between different cities around the world. \u201cThat doesn\u2019t mean they don\u2019t need to be contextualized; all cities are different,\u201d explains one of the authors, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/eugen-resendiz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eugen Resendiz<\/a>, who is also a fellow at the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/center-for-the-future-of-cities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Center for the Future of Cities<\/a> and a research professor at the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/school-of-architecture-art-and-design\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">School of Architecture, Art and Design<\/a> (EAAD) of Tec de Monterrey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The GUHVI is based on the conceptual framework of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) which defines <strong>vulnerability<\/strong> based on three components: exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on this approach, the index is constructed from three sub-indexes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Heat Exposure Index: measures heat through the surface temperature of the <strong>ground<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Heat Sensitivity Index: incorporates urban variables such as population density, vegetation and percentage of <strong>solar radiation<\/strong> reflection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adaptive Capability Index: includes <strong>socioeconomic <\/strong>indicators such as infant mortality and access to health services.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In total, this model integrates ten variables and gives them equal weight, so each component contributes equally to the final result. The data comes from global and satellite sources, allowing it to be applied everywhere, even in <strong>cities where detailed local statistics are unavailable<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><picture>\r\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/heat-by-city-calor-por-ciudad-819x1024.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\">\r\n                <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/heat-by-city-calor-por-ciudad-819x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-173285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/heat-by-city-calor-por-ciudad-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/heat-by-city-calor-por-ciudad-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/heat-by-city-calor-por-ciudad-768x961.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/heat-by-city-calor-por-ciudad.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/>\r\n            <\/picture><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">From a Local Model to a Global Tool<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Originally, the index was designed for it to be used in Sydney, Australia, by Ryan Turner, then a PhD student at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rmit.edu.au\/research\/centres-collaborations\/centre-for-urban-research\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Centre for Urban Research<\/a> at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT University).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Subsequently, a team made up of researchers from Mexico, Australia, China, the United States, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, Brazil and New Zealand \u2014all members of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthysustainablecities.org\/\">Global Observatory of Heal<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthysustainablecities.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">t<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthysustainablecities.org\/\">hy and Sustainable Cities<\/a>\u2014 adapted it to transform it into a  comparable tool on a global scale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The result is expressed on a scale from zero to one hundred, and <strong>the higher the value, the greater the impact<\/strong> will be on people&#8217;s health in the face of an extreme heat event.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOther indexes, such as the heat exposure index, although informative, ignore how people are distributed in that urban environment,\u201d explains <a href=\"https:\/\/egobiernoytp.tec.mx\/es\/sobre-egob\/facultad-investigadores\/perfil-asociados\/gonzalo-peraza?_gl=1*1j1daoc*_gcl_au*Nzk2NjE1OTg5LjE3NzY4NzY5MjM.*_ga*ODgyMjA4MzYzLjE3NzY4NzY5MjM.*_ga_D9LSDN87GD*czE3NzY4NzY5MjMkbzEkZzEkdDE3NzY4NzcwMDIkajQ2JGwwJGgxNTkxODY1NDUy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gonzalo Peraza<\/a>, research professor at the Center for the Future of Cities and the <a href=\"\/en\/tag\/school-of-government-and-public-transformation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">School of Government and Public Transformation<\/a> (EGobiernoyTP) and another one of the authors of the article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the main innovations of the index is its spatial resolution, which is calculated in cells of one square kilometer, making it possible to identify differences in vulnerability levels within the same city.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe idea is to apply it to the entire metropolitan area and then zoom in on the regions that interest you to identify the more or less vulnerable ones,\u201d says Peraza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><picture>\r\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/vulnerability-to-heat-calor-por-ciudad-819x1024.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\">\r\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/vulnerability-to-heat-calor-por-ciudad-819x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-173287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/vulnerability-to-heat-calor-por-ciudad-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/vulnerability-to-heat-calor-por-ciudad-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/vulnerability-to-heat-calor-por-ciudad-768x960.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/vulnerability-to-heat-calor-por-ciudad.jpg 1081w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/>\r\n            <\/picture><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mexico City, the Second Most Vulnerable<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When researchers applied the index to cities around the world, they found a pattern: most of the population is concentrated in areas that are most vulnerable to heat. This suggests that the <a href=\"\/en\/health\/how-does-heat-wave-affect-your-health\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">risk<\/a> is not only high but also widely distributed in urban environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These areas are usually <strong>densely populated<\/strong>, with little vegetation cover, large areas built with impermeable materials \u2014which do not allow water to filter through\u2014 high temperatures and adverse socioeconomic conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt was very interesting to see that 60% of the population of the Mexico City metropolitan area lives in areas that are highly vulnerable to heat,\u201d Resendiz points out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In total, the study analyzed seventeen cities. <strong>Maiduguri<\/strong>, Nigeria, has the highest level of vulnerability, with a score of 69.6, followed by Mexico City with 46.2. Hobart, Australia, has the lowest score at 30.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These results show that vulnerability does not depend solely on income level, as wealthy cities, such as Los Angeles, can exhibit high levels due to their exposure to heat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The case of the Mexican capital illustrates this well: although its exposure is less than that of Los Angeles, its high urban sensitivity and low adaptive capacity <strong>increase its overall vulnerability<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taken together, the results confirm that the risk from extreme heat is not determined by a single factor, but by the <strong>interaction<\/strong> between environmental, urban, and social conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Tool for Decision Making<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to it being a great tool for diagnosing the most vulnerable areas to extreme heat, the GUHVI can be used for the design of public policies aimed at climate adaptation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mapping vulnerability at the neighborhood scale allows for precise identification of where to intervene and what factors to modify.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is essential for places like Mexico, where extreme heat already poses a growing risk to public health. Every year, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gob.mx\/cms\/uploads\/attachment\/file\/905760\/CARPETA_TECNICA__TEM_CALOR__2024-1__3__final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hundreds of cases and dozens or even hundreds of deaths are recorded due to extreme temperatures<\/a>, primarily from heatstroke and dehydration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhat it allows you to do is prioritize interventions,\u201d Peraza explains. \u201cStates have a finite amount of resources and want to maximize their use, so the question is, where am I going to intervene to have the greatest impact?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study suggests that actions such as increasing vegetation cover, reducing impermeable surfaces, expanding access to health services in vulnerable areas, and improving the thermal efficiency of homes can reduce this danger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It also opens the door to policies focused on particularly <strong>vulnerable groups<\/strong>. \u201cChildren under five and adults over 65 are populations much more susceptible to heat and <a href=\"\/en\/science-communication\/kidneys-and-climate-change\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">other effects<\/a> of climate change,\u201d Resendiz emphasizes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, as a global index, it allows for the comparison between cities and the identification of good practices that can then be adapted to each context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a scenario where extreme heat will become increasingly frequent, tools like the GUHVI offer the necessary evidence to anticipate risks and build more resilient cities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c<strong>Heat is here to stay<\/strong>,\u201d Resendiz concludes. \u201cWe need to start taking action, researching, and better understanding what\u2019s happening.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Did you find this story interesting? Would you like to publish it? Contact our content editor to learn more: <a href=\"mailto:marianaleonm@tec.mx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">marianaleonm@tec.mx<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An international group of researchers is developing an index with different variables that identifies the levels of impact among the population.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":173118,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[559],"tags":[485,107,323],"class_list":["post-173116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cities-and-prosperous-communities","tag-center-for-the-future-of-cities","tag-school-of-architecture-art-and-design","tag-school-of-government-and-public-transformation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mapping the Most Vulnerable Cities to Extreme Heat | TecScience<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A global index reveals which cities are most vulnerable to extreme heat and serves as a guide for climate change policies.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/cities-and-prosperous-communities\/index-cities-heat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Extreme Heat Doesn&#039;t Impact Every City Equally. This Index Shows Where it is Most Dangerous\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A global index reveals which cities are most vulnerable to extreme heat and serves as a guide for climate change policies.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/cities-and-prosperous-communities\/index-cities-heat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TecScience\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-04-21T22:02:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-07T19:05:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/1-3-3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"In\u00e9s Guti\u00e9rrez Jaber\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"In\u00e9s Guti\u00e9rrez Jaber\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/cities-and-prosperous-communities\\\/index-cities-heat\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/cities-and-prosperous-communities\\\/index-cities-heat\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"In\u00e9s Guti\u00e9rrez Jaber\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/72a3b50d0dbd7d1124452069e14a2db9\"},\"headline\":\"Extreme Heat Doesn&#8217;t Impact Every City Equally. 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Mi trabajo ha sido publicado en medios como Science, Science News, Newsweek, Nexos, \u00bfC\u00f3mo ves?, entre otros. Estudi\u00e9 Biolog\u00eda en la Facultad de Ciencias de la UNAM y ah\u00ed descubr\u00ed mi pasi\u00f3n por comunicarle a todas las personas el conocimiento cient\u00edfico y su relevancia social. 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