{"id":165614,"date":"2024-11-01T12:02:38","date_gmt":"2024-11-01T18:02:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/?post_type=sciencecommunication&#038;p=165614"},"modified":"2024-11-01T12:19:29","modified_gmt":"2024-11-01T18:19:29","slug":"edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics","status":"publish","type":"sciencecommunication","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/science-communication\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\/","title":{"rendered":"What Archaeoacoustics Reveals About Maya Culture"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>By&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/research.tec.mx\/vivo-tec\/display\/PID_206314?_gl=1*wm8q23*_gcl_au*MTYyNDk2NjA1NS4xNzI5ODE3ODk4LjE4OTM3MDg2MTguMTczMDMxMjM2NC4xNzMwMzEyMzYz*_ga*MTcyNzYwOTc2NS4xNzI5ODE3ODk5*_ga_D9LSDN87GD*MTczMDMxMTEyNy4zLjEuMTczMDMxMzg3Ni4zMi4wLjEwMzE0NTc3NQ..\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">David I. Ibarra-Zarate<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/research.tec.mx\/vivo-tec\/display\/PID_286981\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Luz Mar\u00eda Alonso-Valerdi<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=VrcUP2kAAAAJ&amp;hl=es\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Gustavo Navas-Reascos<\/a>&nbsp;y&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=cmz_Tx8AAAAJ&amp;hl=es\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Norberto E. Naal-Ruiz<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Edzn\u00e1 is an ancient Maya site in Campeche that hides a surprising secret: its structures appear designed to amplify and direct sound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recent research has revealed that the<a href=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/human-social\/archaeacoustics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Mayans were knowledgeable in mathematics, astronomy, and acoustics<\/a>. This discovery transports us to a past where architecture and sound intertwined to create unique experiences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Imagine standing in the center of an ancient Maya city, surrounded by majestic temples and open plazas. Suddenly, a clear and powerful voice resonates through the space, carrying words of wisdom or ceremonial announcements to all present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This research explores whether these architectural structures were designed to exploit their acoustic properties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through practical measurements, these spaces&#8217; ceremonial and social uses are revealed through sound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Edzn\u00e1: An Outdoor Laboratory<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Edzn\u00e1 is known for its complex architecture and urban planning. Its name means \u201cHouse of the Itz\u00e1es\u201d \u2014meaning water sorcerers\u2014 and it was an archaeological site that flourished between 600 and 1200 A.D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Famous for its advanced hydraulic systems, this city stands out for its acoustic innovation. Recent research focused on three main locations: the Main Plaza, the Great Acropolis, and the Small Acropolis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Archaeoacoustics is the discipline that combines acoustics, anthropology, and archaeology to study how sound behaved in ancient sites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To understand the acoustic properties of Edzn\u00e1, measurements were taken at key points in the area using equipment to generate sound impulses. These measurements followed international standards (ISO 3382-1:2009) to ensure the accuracy of the results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parameters such as Reverberation Time (RT20), which measures how long it takes for sound to decrease by 60 decibels after the sound source has stopped, and Acoustic Clarity, which measures how intelligible or defined sounds are in space\u2014especially concerning spoken word (C50) and music (C80)\u2014were evaluated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This allows for a better understanding of how sound behaved in this place and the possible uses of these spaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Acoustic Findings<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The measurements revealed significantly high reverberation times (RT20) in the Main Plaza, averaging 2.2 seconds, suggesting its use for large events where sound needed to propagate widely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The high reverberation times would have allowed sound to be heard clearly throughout the plaza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This can be inferred from the clarity results, which showed good levels of C50 and C80, parameters that measure the intelligibility of speech and music, respectively. This suggests that Nohochn\u00e1, part of the Main Plaza and features steps, was possibly used as a large grandstand where people could participate in mass events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Great and Small Acropolis exhibited lower reverberation times, around 1.2 seconds, suitable for more intimate events. The Great Acropolis is a more private space where Maya leaders may have held fewer public meetings or rituals, benefiting from acoustics that favored clarity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meanwhile, the Small Acropolis was likely used as a resting area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Echoes of History<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Acoustics in archaeology offers a unique window into the past, allowing a better understanding of how the Maya interacted with their environment and each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exploring the acoustic properties of Edzn\u00e1 reveals that the ancient Maya were knowledgeable in architecture, engineering, and acoustics. These findings invite further exploration of the mysteries of their constructions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Archaeoacoustics, with its interdisciplinary approach, helps us understand the sound experiences of our ancestors and gain better insight into their culture and way of life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, every echo in Edzn\u00e1 connects to a rich and resonant story, where sound may have been as important as the stones that formed its structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This study opens a window to the past and lays a foundation for future research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers conducted additional measurements to enhance the accuracy of the results. Moreover, they simulated the original acoustic conditions by characterizing materials like Maya stucco, which could provide an even more detailed understanding of what Edzn\u00e1 sounded like at its peak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>INAH,<a href=\"https:\/\/lugares.inah.gob.mx\/es\/zonas-arqueologicas\/zonas\/1667-edzn%C3%A1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;\u201cEdzna\u201d<\/a>. (Accessed Nov. 17, 2022).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A. Benavides Castillo,&nbsp;<em>Edzn\u00e1:&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.pitt.edu\/~ccapubs\/pdfdownloads\/PITTaq01-Benavides_1997.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>A Pre-Columbian City in Campeche<\/em>. M\u00e9xico: Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia<\/a>, 1997.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A. B. Castillo,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/325343617_La_arquitectura_precolombina_de_Edzna_Campeche_Mexico\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;<em>La arquitectura precolombina de Edzn\u00e1, Campeche, M\u00e9xico<\/em><\/a>. San Francisco de Campeche, 2014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G. Navas-Reascos, N. E. Naal-Ruiz, L. M. Alonso-Valerdi, and D. I. Ibarra-Zarate,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2352409X23004443\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cAcoustic measurements of Edzna: A Mayan archaeological place in Mexico,\u201d<\/a>&nbsp;<em>J. Archaeol. Sci. Reports<\/em>, vol. 52, no. June, p. 104269, 2023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>International Organization for Standardization, \u201cISO 3382-1:2009 Measurement of room acoustic parameters \u2014 Part 1: Performance spaces.\u201d Geneva, Switzerland, 2009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G. Navas-Reascos, L. M. Alonso-Valerdi, and D. I. Ibarra-Zarate,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3417\/13\/4\/2361\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cArchaeoacoustics around the World: A Literature Review (2016\u20132022),\u201d<\/a>&nbsp;<em>Appl. Sci.<\/em>, vol. 13, no. 4, p. 2361, Feb. 2023.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Authors<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>David Ibarra-Z\u00e1rate<\/strong>. Engineer in communications and electronics from the Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Mec\u00e1nica y El\u00e9ctrica (Unidad Culhuac\u00e1n) of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City. He holds a master&#8217;s and doctorate in acoustics from the Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid and the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Spain. He is currently a professor and researcher at Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey. He has worked on other Archaeoacoustic projects, including the archaeological zone of Peralta in Guanajuato.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Luz Mar\u00eda Alonso Valerdi.<\/strong> She completed her professional studies at the Facultad de Ciencias de la Electr\u00f3nica of the Benem\u00e9rita Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Puebla (BUAP). She earned her master\u2019s in bioelectronics at the Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Estudios Avanzados of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional and her doctorate in computer science and electronic engineering from the University of Essex, UK. Over the last 15 years, she has supervised around 16 undergraduate and graduate theses at the University of Essex, BUAP, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico del Estado de Puebla, Universidad de Guadalajara, and Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey. She is currently a professor and researcher in neuroengineering at Tec de Monterrey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gustavo Navas Reascos.<\/strong> Engineer in sound and acoustics from the Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas (Ecuador). He holds two master\u2019s degrees in engineering, specializing in quality systems and productivity, and engineering sciences from Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey. He has served as General Technical Coordinator at the National Institute for Educational Evaluation in Ecuador and has experience in acoustic projects with Lambda Acoustics Laboratories. He has also taught classes at the Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas and the Instituto de Artes Visuales in Quito. He is in his final semester of a Ph.D. in engineering sciences at Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Norberto E. Naal Ruiz.<\/strong> Ph.D. candidate in engineering sciences at the School of Engineering and Sciences at Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey. His doctoral thesis is on anxiety reduction with soundscapes in 3D audio format and electrophysiological indicators. He is a researcher in the Neurotechs and Acoustic Innovation Research groups and an adjunct professor in cognitive neuroscience and sound instrument design at the School of Humanities and Education. He has published over 10 research articles and worked as an audio engineer assistant at Latin Power Music and as an acoustic consultant for Hariacoustics R&amp;D.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Archaeoacoustics sheds light on the sound experiences of ancient cultures, offering insight into their way of life<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":165615,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[89,91],"tags":[135],"class_list":["post-165614","sciencecommunication","type-sciencecommunication","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-human-social","category-tech","tag-school-of-engineering-and-sciences"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Archaeoacoustics of Maya Buildings | TecScience<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Archaeoacoustics sheds light on the sound experiences of ancient cultures, offering insight into their way of life\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/science-communication\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Archaeoacoustics Reveals About Maya Culture\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Archaeoacoustics sheds light on the sound experiences of ancient cultures, offering insight into their way of life\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/science-communication\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TecScience\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-01T18:19:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2024\/10\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/science-communication\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/science-communication\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\\\/\",\"name\":\"Archaeoacoustics of Maya Buildings | TecScience\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/science-communication\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/science-communication\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-01T18:02:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-01T18:19:29+00:00\",\"description\":\"Archaeoacoustics sheds light on the sound experiences of ancient cultures, offering insight into their way of life\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/science-communication\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/science-communication\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/science-communication\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tecscience.tec.mx\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/edzna-maya-archaeoacoustics.jpg\",\"width\":750,\"height\":500,\"caption\":\"Exploring the acoustic properties of Edzn\u00e1 reveals the Maya\u2019s expertise in architecture, engineering, and acoustics. 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