{"id":111119,"date":"2020-10-06T11:44:26","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T16:44:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecreview.tec.mx\/?p=111119"},"modified":"2024-12-12T12:09:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T18:09:23","slug":"andrea-ghez-nobel-fisica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/es\/tecnologia\/andrea-ghez-nobel-fisica\/","title":{"rendered":"Ella es Andrea Ghez, la cuarta mujer en recibir el Nobel de F\u00edsica"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La profesora estadounidense de astronom\u00eda <strong>Andrea Ghez<\/strong> se convirti\u00f3 en la cuarta mujer en obtener el Premio Nobel de F\u00edsica, entre 207 hombres premiados en esta rama, debido a sus investigaciones sobre agujeros negros junto al brit\u00e1nico Roger Penrose y el alem\u00e1n Reinhard Genzel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ghez escribir\u00e1 su nombre en la historia de la F\u00edsica junto con el de <\/span><b>Marie Curie<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, <\/span><b>Maria Goeppert-Mayer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> y <\/span><b>Donna Stickland<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, quienes obtuvieron el premio en 1903, 1963 y 2018, respectivamente.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ghez es <\/span>la mujer n\u00famero 53 en conseguir un Premio Nobel y la n\u00famero 18 en ser premiada dentro de la categor\u00eda de ciencias<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cEspero poder inspirar a otras mujeres j\u00f3venes al campo. Es un campo que tiene tantos placeres, y si te apasiona la ciencia, hay mucho que se puede hacer\u201d, indic\u00f3 Andrea Ghez en una conferencia de prensa tras anunciar a los ganadores.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Andrea Ghez y su amor por la astronom\u00eda<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Nacida en Nueva York el 16 de junio de 1965<\/strong>, Andrea Mia Ghez decidi\u00f3 estudiar F\u00edsica en el Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Massachusetts (MIT) en 1987 y unos a\u00f1os m\u00e1s tarde curs\u00f3 el doctorado en el Instituto de Tecnolog\u00eda de California. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aunque es astr\u00f3noma, de ni\u00f1a quer\u00eda ser bailarina, pero cambi\u00f3 de idea con la llegada de la humanidad a la Luna.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ghez est\u00e1 interesada en desarrollar <strong>t\u00e9cnicas de im\u00e1genes de alta resoluci\u00f3n espacial para estudiar la formaci\u00f3n de estrellas<\/strong> e investigar m\u00e1s acerca del agujero negro masivo que hay al centro de la galaxia.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">De acuerdo con informaci\u00f3n publicada por la organizaci\u00f3n del Premio Nobel, la profesora Ghez ha utilizado una variedad de objetos astron\u00f3micos como telescopios Keck para producir estas im\u00e1gnes, los cuales tienen la resoluci\u00f3n espacial m\u00e1s alta que se puede obtener actualmente desde el suelo o el espacio.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Durante casi treinta a\u00f1os, <strong>Ghez ha liderado un grupo de astr\u00f3nomos dedicados a cartografiar la V\u00eda L\u00e1ctea<\/strong>. En paralelo, el alem\u00e1n Reinhard Genzel ten\u00eda el mismo objeto de estudio y ambos <strong>llegaron a la conclusi\u00f3n de la existencia de un agujero negro<\/strong><\/span><strong>&nbsp;en el centro de nuestra galaxia que hace girar a las estrellas de forma vertiginosa<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Otros trabajos de Andrea Ghez<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A trav\u00e9s de sus estudios de la formaci\u00f3n de estrellas, <strong>la profesora y su equipo han descubierto que la mayor\u00eda de las estrellas j\u00f3venes tienen estrellas compa\u00f1eras<\/strong> ubicadas a distancias cortas. Su equipo trabaja con una variedad de telescopios distintos para observar estas particularidades y responder preguntas acerca de la formaci\u00f3n de estrellas individuales y el efecto que tienen en la formaci\u00f3n de planetas.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En 2004, la revista <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Discover <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">la incluy\u00f3 en el Top 20 de los cient\u00edficos en los Estados Unidos que \u201cdemuestran un alto grado de comprensi\u00f3n\u201d en sus respectivos campos de estudio. Ese mismo a\u00f1o tambi\u00e9n fue reconocida por la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Estados Unidos.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Las mujeres y el Nobel<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La presencia del g\u00e9nero femenino entre los ganadores del Nobel todav\u00eda es baja pues tan solo una medalla de cada 20 es ganada por una mujer. Esto llama particularmente la atenci\u00f3n en las distinciones de Medicina, F\u00edsica, Qu\u00edmica y Econom\u00eda.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Los galardones de F\u00edsica y Qu\u00edmica son los que menos mujeres han premiado, con cuatro y dos mujeres, respectivamente. Parad\u00f3jicamente, la \u00fanica mujer en la historia en haber sido premiada en dos ocasiones, Marie Curie, lo fue en estas dos categor\u00edas en 1903 y 1911.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En el el Nobel de la Paz en donde las mujeres est\u00e1n m\u00e1s representadas con 16 galardones de 104 entregados, un 15 %.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La profesora de astronom\u00eda, Andrea Ghez, gan\u00f3 el Premio Nobel de F\u00edsica 2020 por sus aportaciones sobre los agujeros negros.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":156082,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[98],"tags":[474],"class_list":["post-111119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tecnologia","tag-tecnologia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 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