{"id":167068,"date":"2024-08-13T13:12:50","date_gmt":"2024-08-13T19:12:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/es\/?p=167068"},"modified":"2025-01-22T14:28:24","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T20:28:24","slug":"bacterias-en-microondas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tecscience.tec.mx\/es\/biotecnologia\/bacterias-en-microondas\/","title":{"rendered":"Microondas: un refugio para la diversidad bacteriana"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Los <strong>microondas<\/strong>, indispensables en la vida moderna por su capacidad para calentar alimentos r\u00e1pidamente, tambi\u00e9n albergan <strong>bacterias resistentes<\/strong> a los entornos m\u00e1s hostiles. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Investigadores de la <strong>Universidad de Valencia<\/strong>, en Espa\u00f1a, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/microbiology\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1395751\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">descubrieron que estos electrodom\u00e9sticos son hogar de una notable diversidad bacteriana<\/a>, tanto en casa como en laboratorios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Alba-Iglesias-Vilches\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alba Iglesias<\/a>, microbi\u00f3loga, y sus colegas tomaron muestras de 30 hornos microondas, incluidos algunos en hogares, algunos compartidos en espacios grandes \u2212como oficinas\u2212 y otros utilizados en laboratorios para calentar muestras y soluciones qu\u00edmicas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Luego, el equipo cultiv\u00f3 sus muestras en placas de Petri y determin\u00f3 los g\u00e9neros de los microbios que crecieron. Tambi\u00e9n secuenciaron el ADN en el material extra\u00eddo de los hornos microondas para tener una idea de la diversidad bacteriana dentro de los electrodom\u00e9sticos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-spotify wp-block-embed-spotify wp-embed-aspect-21-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Spotify Embed: Ep. 85 - La verdad sobre los microbios y la higiene\" style=\"border-radius: 12px\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/0QvTKJwS2F9poqf8NSPM9u?si=u5rTS6BTTNipxnH7TlLA4w&#038;utm_source=oembed\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Organismos muy resistentes<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Los cient\u00edficos encontraron en los microondas organismos <strong>\u201cextrem\u00f3filos\u201d<\/strong> que pueden sobrevivir, e incluso prosperar, en los entornos m\u00e1s hostiles, como el <strong>hielo ant\u00e1rtico a temperaturas bajo cero<\/strong> y las aplastantes presiones de la corteza terrestre. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A pesar de su uso com\u00fan para eliminar microorganismos en los alimentos, estos electrodom\u00e9sticos resultaron ser refugio para una amplia variedad de bacterias, muchas de ellas habituales en la piel humana, como <strong>proteobacteria<\/strong>, <strong>firmicutes<\/strong>, <strong>actinobacteria<\/strong> y <strong>bacteroidetes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aunque estudios anteriores encontraron comunidades distintas de microbios en electrodom\u00e9sticos de cocina, como <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep17163\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">lavavajillas<\/a> y <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep17163\">cafeteras,<\/a> esta es la primera vez que se ha investigado el horno de microondas para determinar si tiene su propio <a href=\"\/es\/salud\/microbioma-humano\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">microbioma<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los microondas en hogares y \u00e1reas compartidas mostraron una predominancia de bacterias asociadas con alimentos, lo que sugiere que la composici\u00f3n bacteriana var\u00eda seg\u00fan el entorno y el uso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cDesde la d\u00e9cada de 1980, nos han ense\u00f1ado que si se utiliza un horno microondas, calienta todo, mata todo\u201d, dice <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jasontetro.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jason Tetro<\/a><\/strong>, un microbi\u00f3logo independiente, conocido como \u201cThe Germ Guy\u201d, en Edmonton, Canad\u00e1 y quien fue entrevistado por <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-024-02553-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nature<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Este estudio es \u201cimportante\u201d, dice Tetro, porque pone de relieve los posibles pat\u00f3genos presentes en estos aparatos, especialmente los compartidos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>La necesidad de limpiar nuestros microondas&#8230;m\u00e1s seguido<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>El hallazgo, de acuerdo con los investigadores, pone en evidencia la importancia de la limpieza regular de los microondas para reducir posibles riesgos para la salud, especialmente en ambientes donde se manipulan alimentos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adem\u00e1s, abre nuevas oportunidades para explorar las aplicaciones <a href=\"\/es\/biotecnologia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">biotecnol\u00f3gicas<\/a> de las bacterias resistentes a condiciones extremas, que podr\u00edan ser \u00fatiles en diversas industrias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El estudio no solo ofrece una nueva perspectiva sobre un electrodom\u00e9stico com\u00fan, sino que tambi\u00e9n invita a reflexionar sobre la <a href=\"\/es\/salud\/microbiota\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">microbiota<\/a> que convive con nosotros en los entornos cotidianos. <em>(Con informaci\u00f3n de Nature)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los cient\u00edficos encontraron organismos \u201cextrem\u00f3filos\u201d que pueden sobrevivir, e incluso prosperar, en los entornos m\u00e1s hostiles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":167075,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[944],"class_list":["post-167068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biotecnologia","tag-biotecnologia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.0 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bacterias en microondas: resistentes a entornos hostiles | TecScience<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Los 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